Introduction: Intensive and prolonged practice of sport can induce cardiovascular and electrocardiographic changes. The aim of our study was to compare the electrocardiographic signs of rest between athletes and sedentary people.
Material and methods: A descriptive and comparative cross-sectional study was carried out from July to October 2019 involving high-level athletes and sedentary people. They were all male. All subjects underwent careful clinical examination and resting ECG recording.
Results: One hundred and fifty athletes and fifty sedentary black Senegalese were recruited. The average age of athletes and sedentary subjects was 20.58 ± 3.85 years and 22.38 ± 3.76 years. Sedentary subjects had a significantly higher average BMI than that of athletes (21.14 ± 3.23 kg/m² vs 20.62 ± 2.36 kg/m²). Sinus rhythm was found at comparable frequencies in athletes and sedentary people (98%). Sinus bradycardia was more common in athletes (p = 0.002). First degree atrioventricular block was noted in 4% of athletes and 8% of sedentary people. The mean duration of the QRS complex was significantly longer in athletes (p = 0.01) in V5. Incomplete right bundle branch block was more common in athletes than in sedentary people without significant difference. Electrical left ventricular hypertrophy was only found in athletes (18.67%). ST segment elevation was more observed in athletes (p = 0.001). Early repolarization was found in 4% of athletes. The negative T wave was found in 15.33% of athletes.
Conclusion: High-level training in Senegalese athletes induces cardiac changes with electrocardiographic translation.
Mots clés : ECG, athlete’s heart, sedentary.
Auteurs : Mame Saloum Coly1, Mor Diaw2, Abdou Khadir Sow2, Aly Bocoum1, Salimata Diagne Houndjo2, Fatoumata Ba3, Fatou Bintou Sarr1, Abdoulaye Ba2, Abdoulaye Samb2, Arame Mbengue Gaye1.
1Physiology Laboratory, UFR of Health Sciences University of Thies Senegal.
2Physiology and functional explorations laboratory, FMPO / UCAD Dakar, Senegal.
3Physiology Laboratory, UFR of Health Sciences, Gaston Berger University of Saint-Louis, Senegal
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